Phylogeny, Classification, Mesozoic Fossils, and Biogeography of the Leiinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae)

The relationships among the genera of fungus gnats in mycetophilid subfamily Leiinae are unclear, and monophyly this group is questionable. This monograph provides an extensive phylogenetic study based on morphological data from a large taxonomic sample, including all that have ever been assigned to wide outgroup sampling properly test subfamilial monophyly. A matrix with 128 features 117 terminal taxa was carried out under parsimony using different implicit weight schemes. All recovered topologies support monophyletic more restricted than usual delimitation subfamily. We found no consistent evidence clade Docosia Winnertz, Novakia Strobl, Ectrepesthoneura Enderlein, Tetragoneura Winnertz together remaining Leiinae. name rank—Tetragoneurinae, already present literature—is used here refer group. allactoneurine Sticholeia Soli Allactoneura de Meijere form leiine genus Leiella Manotinae, which deeply nested within male terminalia patterns analyzed illustrated. classification for proposed grouping 33 seven clades ranked as tribes: Selkirkiini Megophthalmidiini, trib. nov., Rondaniellini, Cycloneurini Shaw Shaw, Manotini Edwards, Anomalomyiini, Leiini Edwards. key world also provided. Cretaceous fossil record revisited biogeographic evolution discussed.