Plastic accommodation during tensile deformation of gradient structure

Gradient structure (GS) possesses a typical trans-scale grain hierarchy with varying internal plastic stability, and the mutual accommodation plays crucial role in its superior strength-ductility combination. Using in-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) during tensile loading, we measured lattice strains sequentially from nanostructured (NS) surface layer to central coarsegrained (CG) elucidate when how occurs evolves within GS, along their roles deformation strain hardening. Throughout deformation, two types of incompatibility occur GS. One is an extended elastoplastic transition due layer-by-layer yielding. The other localization softening NS layer, contrast stable CG layer. Plastic thus concurrently manifests as both inter-layer intra-layer change stress state throughout deformation. This produces different micromechanical responses between layers. Specifically, initially experiences hardening followed by hetero-deformation induced hardening, forest facilitates sustainable comparable that