Polaron Interactions and Bipolarons in One-Dimensional Bose Gases in the Strong Coupling Regime

Bose polarons, quasiparticles composed of mobile impurities surrounded by cold gas, can experience strong interactions mediated the many-body environment and form bipolaron bound states. Here we present a detailed study heavy polarons in one-dimensional gas formulating nonperturbative theory complementing it with exact numerical simulations. We develop an analytic approach for weak boson-boson arbitrarily impurity-boson couplings. Our is based on mean-field that accounts deformations superfluid this way minimizes quantum fluctuations. The equations are solved exactly Born-Oppenheimer approximation, leading to expression interaction potential which found be excellent agreement Monte Carlo (QMC) results. In coupling limit, substantially deviates from exponential valid has linear shape at short distances. Taking into account leading-order Born-Huang corrections, calculate binding energies mass ratios as low 3 find QMC