Polysaccharide‐based biomaterials in a journey from <scp>3D</scp> to <scp>4D</scp> printing

3D printing is a state-of-the-art technology for the fabrication of biomaterials with myriad applications in translational medicine. After stimuli-responsive properties were introduced to (known as 4D printing), intelligent shape configuration time-dependent character have been developed. Polysaccharides are biodegradable polymers sensitive several physical, chemical, and biological stimuli, suited printing. On other hand, engineering mechanical strength printability polysaccharide-based scaffolds along their aneural, avascular, poor metabolic characteristics need be optimized varying parameters. Multiple disciplines such biomedicine, chemistry, materials, computer sciences should integrated achieve multipurpose printable biomaterials. In this work, technologies briefly compared, summarizing literature on though techniques, highlighting different challenges associated 3D/4D printing, well role polysaccharides technological shift from