Predicting causality ascriptions from background knowledge: model and experimental validation

Predicting causality ascriptions from background knowledge: model and experimental validation

A model is defined that predicts an agent’s ascriptions of causality (and related notions of facilitation and justification) between two events in a chain, based on background knowledge about the normal course of the world. Background knowledge is represented by nonmonotonic consequence relations. This enables the model to handle situations of poor information, where background knowledge is not...

Background Default Knowledge and Causality Ascriptions

A model is defined that predicts an agent’s ascriptions of causality (and related notions of facilitation and justification) between two events in a chain, based on background knowledge about the normal course of the world. Background knowledge is represented by nonmonotonic consequence relations. This enables the model to handle situations of poor information, where background knowledge is not...

Lewis on Knowledge Ascriptions

David Lewis’s primary contribution to the theory of knowledge is his account of knowledge ascription, which integrates an elegant version of relevant alternatives theory with a detailed version of contextualism. His account is prefigured in his discussion of accommodation in “Scorekeeping in a Language Game” (1979), and forms the central topic of his “Elusive Knowledge” (1996). I will review hi...

Background Knowledge and Translation Ability

the effects of previewing and providing background knowledge on iranian university efl learners’ comprehension of literary and academic texts

abstract poor reading comprehension can result in failure in using references, benefiting from professional gatherings and resources, keeping up with the growing body of knowledge in the virtual world of the internet, and failing to achieve in efl programs. the purpose of the present quasi-experimental study was to explore the effects of background knowledge and previewing narrative and expos...