Price Dynamics Of External Reference Pricing-Based Systems In Europe
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Selecting reference countries in external reference based pricing: The case study of Iran
Most countries are using some kinds of pharmaceutical policies, like external reference-based pricing, to control the costs of medicines. This policy could be implemented in different ways and there is no systematic method for selecting reference countries. In this study, we tried to identify and classify the factors affecting the selection of reference countries in Iran. Delphi method was empl...
متن کاملReference pricing systems in Europe: characteristics and consequences
Submitted: 16 May 2012; Revised: 8 August 2012; Accepted: 15 August 2012; Published online first: 17 August 2012 Introduction A reference pricing system is a system that establishes a reimbursement level or reference price for a group of interchangeable medicines. If a medicine is priced above the reference price, the patient pays the difference between the price of the medicine and the referen...
متن کاملPharmaceuticals: Reference Pricing or Price Cap Regulation?
We study the relationship between regulatory regimes and pharmaceutical firms’ pricing strategies using a unique policy experiment from Norway, which in 2003 introduced a reference price (RP) system called “index pricing” for a sub-sample of off-patent pharmaceuticals, replacing the existing price cap (PC) regulation. We estimate the effect of the reform using a product level panel dataset, cov...
متن کاملUsing external reference price to reduce resistance to leisure service pricing increases
Zone of tolerance has emerged as a key concept for guiding pricing decisions. It directs that user resistance to prices for new services or price increases to existing services will be minimized if they are within this zone, and that if discounts are to be effective in inducing additional use they should be of sufficient magnitude to be outside this zone. External reference prices can be used t...
متن کاملDynamic Pricing with Gain-Seeking Reference Price Effects
Zhenyu Hu Department of Industrial Enterprise and Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, [email protected] Xin Chen Department of Industrial Enterprise and Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, [email protected] Peng Hu School of Management, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuha...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Value in Health
سال: 2014
ISSN: 1098-3015
DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.03.074