Pro-Inflammatory Interleukin Genotypes Potentiate Early and Advanced Atherosclerosis Differently

Pro-inflammatory cytokines in atherosclerosis.

Pro-inflammatory genetic markers of atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic, progressive, multifactorial disease mostly affecting large and medium-sized elastic and muscular arteries. It has formerly been considered a bland lipid storage disease. Currently, multiple independent pathways of evidence suggest this pathological condition is a peculiar form of inflammation, triggered by cholesterol-rich lipoproteins and influenced both by e...

Interleukin-6 exacerbates early atherosclerosis in mice.

Acute-phase proteins, which respond to systemic proinflammatory cytokines such as interleuken-6, are elevated in cardiovascular disease and are predictive markers of future ischemic events, even over decades. This suggests a role for proinflammatory cytokines and/or acute phase proteins in early lesion development. To explore this issue, we fed C57Bl/6 and nonobese diabetic male mice high-fat (...

The antiangiogenic role of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-31

Pro-inflammatory cytokines in the tumor microenvironment are known for their ability to either inhibit or promote cancer progression. Here we evaluated the role of Interleukin-31 (IL31), a protein belonging to the pro-inflammatory IL-6 cytokine family which has been characterized in autoimmune disease, in tumorigenesis. We show that IL31 and its receptor, IL31RA, are highly expressed in various...

Unbalanced Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines Ratio and Endometriosis: A Contributive Pathogenic Role?