Public space privatisation: are users concerned?

Academics have decried the erosion of public space under neoliberal practices that taken root since 1980s in cities around world. However, it is unclear whether users are concerned about ownership urban spaces they use. To find out, this study surveyed and observed their behaviour three types Liverpool, UK: one entirely private development, public-private partnership, renewal project over by a grassroots organization. The findings indicate appreciate privatised areas for pleasant, clean, safe environment offer, as well socialising opportunities. At same time, send subtle signals to certain activities, people, or behaviours not tolerated encouraged. reinforce democratic essence space, values appropriation should be safeguarded all spaces, including privately produced ones.