(Radio)Biological Optimization of External-Beam Radiotherapy

(Radio)Biological Optimization of External-Beam Radiotherapy

"Biological optimization" (BIOP) means planning treatments using (radio)biological criteria and models, that is, tumour control probability and normal-tissue complication probability. Four different levels of BIOP are identified: Level I is "isotoxic" individualization of prescription dose D(presc) at fixed fraction number. D(presc) is varied to keep the NTCP of the organ at risk constant. Sign...

Dosimetric Characteristics of Transparent Bolus for External Beam Radiotherapy

Introduction: In radiotherapy, the bolus is often used while treating the tumor under the uneven surfaces of the patients for correcting the anatomical irregularities and increasing skin dose. Wet cotton and wet gauze are still used in developing countries, since the use of wet cotton and wet gauze has certain disadvantages, there is a need for transparent bolus which ...

Consent to external-beam radiotherapy.

Canadian law, and the physician's code of ethics, requires that informed consent be obtained before any medical act is performed. However, there are no rules about how consent is to be obtained and by whom, and how that consent is to be documented.In April 2008, we asked the heads of all Canadian radiation oncology departments to tell us whether their centre uses a written consent form for exte...

Quality Assurance of External Beam Radiotherapy

'Quality assurance' is all those planned and systematic actions necessary to provide adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy the given requirements for quality (ISO 9000:1994). As such it is wide ranging, covering all relevant procedures, activities and actions, and hence all groups of staff involved in the process under consideration. 12.1.1.2. Quality assurance in radiother...

3D simulation of external beam radiotherapy