Real-Time Forecast of SMAP L3 Soil Moisture Using Spatial–Temporal Deep Learning Model with Data Integration

نویسندگان

چکیده

Soil moisture (SM) has significant impacts on the Earth’s energy and water cycle system. Remote sensing, such as Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission, delivered valuable estimations of global surface soil moisture. However, it a 2~3 days revisit time leading to gaps between SMAP areas. To achieve accurate comprehensive real-time forecast SM, we propose spatial–temporal deep learning model based Convolutional Gated Recursive Units with Data Integration (DI_ConvGRU) capture spatial temporal variation in SM simultaneously by modeling influence adjacent values space time. Experiments show that DI_ConvGRU outperforms ConvGRU Linear Interpolation (interp_ConvGRU) Long Short-Term Memory (DI_LSTM). The best performance (Bias = 0.0132 m3/m3, ubRMSE 0.022 R 0.977) been achieved through use term. In comparison interp_ConvGRU DI_LSTM, improved 74.88% 68.99% regions according RMSE, respectively. predictability depends highly memory characteristics. can provide for missing data, making them potentially useful applications filling observational satellite data.

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Remote Sensing

سال: 2023

ISSN: ['2315-4632', '2315-4675']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15020366