Restrictions on State Taxation Because of Interference with Federal Functions

study of hash functions based on chaotic maps

توابع درهم نقش بسیار مهم در سیستم های رمزنگاری و پروتکل های امنیتی دارند. در سیستم های رمزنگاری برای دستیابی به احراز درستی و اصالت داده دو روش مورد استفاده قرار می گیرند که عبارتند از توابع رمزنگاری کلیددار و توابع درهم ساز. توابع درهم ساز، توابعی هستند که هر متن با طول دلخواه را به دنباله ای با طول ثابت تبدیل می کنند. از جمله پرکاربردترین و معروف ترین توابع درهم می توان توابع درهم ساز md4, md...

Federal Timber Restrictions and Interregional

Hrrn~e.sting restrictiom to protect the hahitcrt of the northem .sptted wt.1 011 ,federul ,forests in t/w PNC$C Nor-tim*e.st (Ph’lV) .substalrticrii~ reduced timber cit~~~ilrL7le ,for ptwe.~~5iil,g h!. the ,fore.st prodwts irldwsty. We consider tile e-vtent to tcAici7 tiiese restrictioris my iitr\~ riitered the degree of irltegrcitim of the PNW u11d U.S. South ii7 (I mitioricil mrrket ,fi)r i~r...

On The Secrecy of the Cognitive Interference Channel with Channel State

In this paper the secrecy problem in the cognitive state-dependent interference channel is considered. In this scenario we have a primary and a cognitive transmitter-receiver pairs. The cognitive transmitter has the message of the primary sender as side information. In addition, the state of the channel is known at the cognitive encoder. Hence, the cognitive encoder uses this side information t...

The physician as entrepreneur: state and federal restrictions on physician joint ventures.

A New Form of Federal or State-level Cigarette Excise Taxation in the U.S

This paper provides a template for the taxation of cigarettes that not only will yield a rich source of government revenue but also has the potential to improve public health. The tax formulae provided here expressly tax the nicotine and tar content of any brand of cigarette. This acts to discourage the substitution of higher nicotine brands for lower nicotine brands when higher cigarette taxat...