Reversible lithium storage in sp2 hydrocarbon frameworks

The linear and crosslink types of PPH provide different topological structures, in which the type shows much higher Li transfer storage. Polymer materials offer controllable structure-dependent performances separation, catalysis drug release. Their molecular structures can be precisely tailored to accept + for energy storage applications. Here design sp 2 carbon-based polyphenylene (PPH) with high lithium-ion uptakes long-term stability is reported. Linear-PPH (L-PPH) exceeds performance crosslink-PPH (C-PPH), due fact that it has an ordered lamellar structure, promoting intercalation/deintercalation channel. L-PPH cell a clear charge discharge plateau at 0.35 0.15 V vs. /Li, respectively, absent C-PPH cell. capacity five times C-PPH. reversible further improved 261 mAh g −1 by functionalizing –SO 3 H groups. In addition, Li-intercalated are investigated via near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), suggesting –C C bond interaction L-PPH. This strategy, based on new insight into functional groups, first step toward understanding storage-capacity relationship polymer.