Rule Generalization and Optionality in Language Change

a synchronic and diachronic approach to the change route of address terms in the two recent centuries of persian language

terms of address as an important linguistics items provide valuable information about the interlocutors, their relationship and their circumstances. this study was done to investigate the change route of persian address terms in the two recent centuries including three historical periods of qajar, pahlavi and after the islamic revolution. data were extracted from a corpus consisting 24 novels w...

Training Interface Rule Generalization

Book Review: Innovation and Change in English Language Education

  It is widely accepted that today’s technological world is moving in a much more speed than the past, which requires the skill of keeping up with the pace of change. This change and innovation is a must for all organizations. According to Shen (2008, p. 73), this change is trickier in the educational context, where "the nature of the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of those i...

Learning Optionality and Repetition

Adjuncts are syntactic elements that are optional, transparent to selection, and often, though not always, repeatable. Classic examples are adjectives and adverbs. How do learners learn optionaility? How do they learn repeatability? I explore a variety of learners’ approaches to optionality and repeatability, including both human learners and learning algorithms. Mathematically, a learner is a ...

Linking, Optionality, and Ambiguity in Marathi

Optimality theory (OT; Prince and Smolensky 1993) has in a short time proven influential in theoretical phonology, and to a lesser degree in theoretical syntax. One of the main attractions of the theory is its strong commitment to typology. The basic hypothesis is that there is a set of universal constraints and languages differ only in how they rank the constraints. Since constraints are viola...