Seasonal controls on isolated convective storm drafts, precipitation intensity, and life cycle as observed during GoAmazon2014/5
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract. Isolated deep convective cloud life cycle and seasonal changes in storm properties are observed for daytime events during the US Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Green Ocean Amazon Experiment (GoAmazon2014/5) campaign to understand controls on behavior. Storm cycles documented using surveillance radar from initiation through maturity dissipation. Vertical air velocity estimates obtained wind profiler overpasses, with environment informed by radiosondes. Dry-season conditions favored reduced morning shallow coverage larger low-level available potential energy (CAPE) than wet-season counterparts. The typical dry-season reached its peak intensity size earlier compared cells. These cells exhibited updrafts core precipitation regions (Z>35 dBZ) above melting level as well persistent downdrafts aloft within adjacent their cores. Moreover, recorded more intense stages a higher incidence strong (i.e., >5 m s−1) at low levels. In contrast, storms were longer-lived featured moderate 2–5 aloft. also shift most later stages. Strong less frequent aloft, indicating systematic difference draft behaviors, linked graupel loading other factors between seasons. Results stochastic parcel model suggest that may expect stronger levels because CAPE dry season. Wet-season anticipate free-tropospheric relative humidity entrainment-driven dilution. Enhanced partially attributed increased evaporation, dry-air entrainment mixing, negative buoyancy sampled
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['1680-7316', '1680-7324']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-5297-2023