Self-Realization and Validity Surplus in Proactive Heroism

Self and Self - Realization

self-revision and third party revision in translation

اهمیت این پژوهش در آن بود که به گفت? بسیاری از پژوهشگرانِ حوز? بازبینی ترجمه، ادبیات موجود در این زمینه به لحاظ نظری و عملی چندان قوی نیست و بخش های موجود نیز برداشت مناسبی از این مرحل? فرایند ترجمه ندارند، اگرچه اخیراً توجه به آن به صورت نظام مند افزایش یافته است. در عین حال، پژوهش های موجود از یک سو بر دگربازبینی بیشتر از خودبازبینی تأکید دارند و از دیگر سو تنها به لحاظ نظری به این موضوع می پرد...

Equilibrium and Realization: William Chittick on Self and Cosmos

William Chittick, currently Professor of Religious Studies at the State University of New York (Stony Brook), is an internationally renowned expert on Islamic thought. His contributions to the fields of Sufism and Islamic philosophy have helped paint a clearer picture of the intellectual and spiritual landscape of Islamic civilization from the 7th/13th century onwards. Yet Chittick is not simpl...

patterns and variations in native and non-native interlanguage pragmatic rating: effects of rater training, intercultural proficiency, and self-assessment

although there are studies on pragmatic assessment, to date, literature has been almost silent about native and non-native english raters’ criteria for the assessment of efl learners’ pragmatic performance. focusing on this topic, this study pursued four purposes. the first one was to find criteria for rating the speech acts of apology and refusal in l2 by native and non-native english teachers...

'Heroism' in Warfare

The willingness of people to risk their lives fighting on behalf of their nation (which we call heroism) is a background assumption in the study of war, thus of international relations, but also an evolutionary puzzle. We use two computer simulations to explore the possibility that heroism could have evolved as a domain specific form of altruism, selected through humans’ ancient past as a conse...