Semisolid heat treatment processing window of Pb-40% Sn alloy for feedstock in the 3D printing thixo-forming process

The 3D printing thixo-forming process is a method that utilizes semisolid thixotropic feedstock for layer extrusion by controlling viscosity below the complete melting temperature of metallic alloys to form structure. producing has significant impact on alloy microstructure, which critical material’s printability. This study aims propose heat treatment processing window Pb-40% Sn use as billets variety extruder nozzles (sizes 1–3 mm) during process. Firstly, were cold deformed reduce specimens’ diameters. Semisolid treatments specimens performed at heating temperatures and three separate holding times (2, 5, 10 min). microstructure was then investigated. time Pb- 40% optimized thixo-extruding processes with different printed output sizes. Therefore, proposed promising approach pave way low-cost manufacturing AM, yields higher rates improved scalability lines. Additionally, this allows versatile route metal parts maximum density intricate geometries result ability tailor microstructure.