Short communication: Effects of dietary deoiled soy lecithin supplementation on circulating choline and choline metabolites, and the plasma phospholipid profile in Holstein cows fed palm fat

Dietary lecithin is a source of choline. Our objective was to evaluate the effects dietary deoiled soy feeding on circulating choline, choline metabolites, and plasma phospholipid profile in lactating dairy cows fed fractionated palm fatty acids. In split-plot Latin square design, 16 Holstein (160 ± 7 d milk; 3.6 1.2 parity) were randomly allocated main plot receiving corn silage alfalfa haylage-based diet with fat containing either moderate or high palmitic acid content at 1.75% ration dry matter (moderate 72 99% supplement, respectively; n = 8/palm diet). Within each group, top-dressed 0, 0.12, 0.24, 0.36% replicated 4 × design 14-d experimental periods. A covariate period used acclimate without supplementation. Blood sampling occurred during final 3 period. Plasma metabolites quantified using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. phospholipids profiled time-of-flight Whereas no treatments detected for methionine, increased concentrations trimethylamine N-oxide dimethylglycine (24 11%, respectively). phosphatidylcholine (PC) sphingomyelin (SM) (e.g., PC 16:0/22:6 SM d18:1/18:3). Lecithin supplementation also lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) LPC 18:0) while reducing phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) PE 16:0/20:5). Although increases microbial-derived suggest gastrointestinal degradation, elevations dimethylglycine, PC, LPC, that availability improved by cows, thus supporting enhanced endogenous synthesis.