Structural and functional analysis of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase fromStaphylococcus aureus

Structural and functional analysis of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase from Staphylococcus aureus

When exposed to high osmolarity, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) restores its growth and establishes a new steady state by accumulating the osmoprotectant metabolite betaine. Effective osmoregulation has also been implicated in the acquirement of a profound antibiotic resistance by MRSA. Betaine can be obtained from the bacterial habitat or produced intracellularly from choli...

Betaine accumulation and betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase in spinach leaves.

Spinach leaf discs accumulated betaine when exposed to a mannitol solution of -20 bars. The accumulation was 12 micromoles per gram original fresh weight in a 24-hour period.Betaine-aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.8) was assayed in various subcellular fractions prepared from spinach leaves, and it was found only in the soluble fraction. This cytosolic enzyme was purified 175-fold, and its prop...

Structure-based mutational studies of substrate inhibition of betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase BetB from Staphylococcus aureus.

Inhibition of enzyme activity by high concentrations of substrate and/or cofactor is a general phenomenon demonstrated in many enzymes, including aldehyde dehydrogenases. Here we show that the uncharacterized protein BetB (SA2613) from Staphylococcus aureus is a highly specific betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase, which exhibits substrate inhibition at concentrations of betaine aldehyde as low as 0....

Structural and Activity Changes in Renal Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Caused by Oxidants

Cloning and sequence analysis of the safflower betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene.

In response to salinity or drought stress, many plants accumulate glycine betaine, which is a regulator of osmosis. In plants, the last step in betaine synthesis is catalyzed by betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH), a nuclear-encoded chloroplastic enzyme. Based on the conserved oligo amino acid residues of the published BADH genes from other higher plant species, a cDNA sequence, designated Ct...