Test of Recrudescence Hypothesis for Overwintering of West Nile Virus in Gray Catbirds
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چکیده
منابع مشابه
Test of recrudescence hypothesis for overwintering of eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus in gray catbirds.
Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV; family Togaviridae, genus Alphavirus) epizootics are infrequent, but they can lead to high mortality in infected horses and humans. Despite the importance of EEEV to human and animal health, little is known about how the virus overwinters and reinitiates transmission each spring, particularly in temperate regions where infected adult mosquitoes are unlik...
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15 صفحه اولWest Nile virus in overwintering Culex mosquitoes, New York City, 2000.
After the 1999 West Nile (WN) encephalitis outbreak in New York, 2,300 overwintering adult mosquitoes were tested for WN virus by cell culture and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. WN viral RNA and live virus were found in pools of Culex mosquitoes. Persistence in overwintering Cx. pipiens may be important in the maintenance of WN virus in the northeastern United States.
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this study investigates the cohesive devices used in the textbook of english for the students of psychology. the research questions and hypotheses in the present study are based on what frequency and distribution of grammatical and lexical cohesive devices are. then, to answer the questions all grammatical and lexical cohesive devices in reading comprehension passages from 6 units of 21units th...
Structure of West Nile virus.
West Nile virus (WNV) is found throughout Africa, Europe, Central Asia, and, most recently, in North America. The first outbreak in the United States was in New York City during the summer of 1999, and the virus subsequently spread across the United States (1). In 2002, there were 4156 reported cases of human illness associated with WNV and 284 deaths. WNV is a flavivirus transmitted primarily ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Medical Entomology
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0022-2585,0022-2585
DOI: 10.1603/me09035