The Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana and Paullinia pinnata Linn Exert Inhibitory Effect on Escherichia coli Through Membrane Permeabilization, Loss of Intracellular Material, and DNA Fragmentation

Background: Dissotis multiflora (Sm) Triana and Paullinia pinnata Linn are widely used in Cameroonian traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases. These plants were found be a reservoir of antioxidant antimicrobial agents have the potential clinic. Objective: To determine mechanism action ethanolic leaves extracts on Escherichia coli. Methodology: The microbroth dilution method was minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) bactericidal (MBCs) D. P. extracts. above samples tested for their rate killing E. coli cells at 1 MIC 2 MICs. Sorbitol protection, outer membrane permeability, loss 260-nm-absorbing material, fluorescence microscopy, DNA degradation assay examine ultrastructural changes bacteria induced by Results: inhibited bacterial growth with MICs 390.62 781.25 µg/mL respectively, while MBCs values 1562.5 respectively. Treatment had shorter kill-time time-dependent manner effect most pronounced than MIC. increased 4x from after 24 h incubation 7 days presence an osmoprotectant indicating inhibition synthesis cell wall constituents. no wall. Both exhibited greatest leakage release materials 30, 60, 90, 120 min concentration-dependent manner. Treated groups higher control. At low (1/2 MIC), these effectively permeate intact Gram-negative bacteria. extract implicated fragmentation. Moreover, fluorescent observed further confirmed its against pathogen. antibacterial involved disruption potential, increase permeabilization, cellular death suggesting them alternative antibiotics. Conclusion: findings contribute understanding pinnata.