Tolerance and detoxification mechanisms to cadmium stress by hyperaccumulator Erigeron annuus include molecule synthesis in root exudate

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic environmental pollutants affecting growth and reproduction various plants. Analysis biological adaptation tolerance mechanisms hyperaccumulator Erigeron annuus to Cd stress may help identify new plant species for phytoremediation in optimizing process. This study first analyze molecular composition diversity dissolved organic matter (DOM) secreted by roots using FT-ICR MS, multiple physiological biochemical indexes E. seedlings grown solutions containing 0–200 ?mol L?1. The results showed that had strong photosynthetic protection ability under stress. was immobilized or compartmentalized cell walls vacuoles plant, thus alleviating Activation anti-oxidation defense also played an important role eliminating toxicity annuus. High promoted production a higher proportion molecules DOM compared low contributed resistance Cd-induced via producing more carbohydrates, aromatic structures tannins. Results indicate underpinning potential use as phytoremediator environments with moderate pollution.