Tryptophan availability selectively limits NO-synthase induction in macrophages

Nicotinamide inhibits nitric oxide synthase mRNA induction in activated macrophages.

Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent mediator involved in many biological functions including inflammation and non-specific immunity. Murine macrophages possess the prototype of high-output NO synthase which is not constitutively expressed but induced within a few hours by immunological stimuli. In this study, we explored the possibility of controlling the activity of the inducible NO synthase by inte...

Availability in Inflammatory Macrophages Oxide Synthase by IL-13 and Arginine Translational Control of Inducible Nitric

Extreme Availability: Determining the Limits of Availability in Commercial Systems

High availability has become increasingly important to businesses with the advent of the Web and various associated e-commerce services. This paper describes the key attributes of the very highest availability systems. Such systems and their associated support environments are qualitatively different than other systems, even other high availability systems; for the purposes of this paper these ...

The Tryptophan Catabolite Picolinic Acid Selectively Induces the Chemokines Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1a and -1b in Macrophages

Induction of autophagy by trehalose limits opportunistic mycobacterial infections in HIV-infected macrophages

Opportunistic bacterial infections amongst HIV-infected individuals pose serious health challenge. While immediate control of bacterial pathogens is typically attributed to innate defense mechanisms, whether HIV-mediated modulation of innate mechanisms like autophagy promote opportunistic infections, remains obscure. Using U1.1 and U937 macrophages, we show, HIV activation or infection inhibits...