Understanding the molecular basis of HBV drug resistance by molecular modeling

Understanding the molecular mechanism of drug resistance of anti-HIV nucleosides by molecular modeling.

Nucleoside-resistant isolates have been identified in patients receiving antiretroviral nucleoside drugs. The different resistance phenotypes seem to correlate with different sets of mutations in reverse transcriptase (RT), and the effect of individual set of mutations on resistance to a specific NRTI can only be presumed by kinetic studies and building up the enzyme active site by molecular mo...

Advances in Molecular Diagnosis of HBV Infection and Drug Resistance

Serological markers are key elements in diagnosing acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and determining its possible evolution towards chronicity. Once treatment of chronic HBV is initiated with approved anti-hepadnaviral agents, such as lamivudine, interferon-alpha, or adefovir dipivoxil, the measurement of HBV DNA in serum can not only help monitor treatment efficacy but also indicates bre...

Understanding the molecular basis of coeliac disease.

Understanding the molecular basis of polydactyly.

Understanding the molecular basis of histologic grade.

Histologic grading in breast cancer is based on the evaluation of 3 morphologic features (tubule formation, nuclear pleomorphism and mitotic count), is essentially describing proliferation and differentiation in breast cancer, and is considered an important prognostic factor for this disease. It has been suggested that histologic grade 1 and 3 breast tumors are 2 different diseases that may hav...