Unexpected VLF Bursty-Patches Above 5 kHz: A Review of Long-Duration VLF Series Observed at Kannuslehto, Northern Finland

Some unusual discrete VLF emissions observed at a low-latitude ground station at Agra

A detailed analysis of the VLF emissions data obtained during occasional whistler campaigns at the low-latitude ground station Agra (geomagnetic latitude 17°1¢ N, L = 1.15) has yielded some unusual discrete VLF emissions of the rising type. These include (1) emissions occurring at time intervals increasing in geommetrical progression, (2) emissions occuring simultaneously in di€erent frequency ...

Early VLF perturbations observed in association with elves

VLF remote sensing is used to detect lowerionospheric electron density changes associated with a certain type of transient luminous events known as elves. Both groundand satellite-based observations of elves are analysed in relation to VLF data acquired at various receiver sites in Europe, the United States and Antarctica. Ground-based observations were performed during the EuroSprite2003 campa...

Vlf Airborne Navigation Requirements

Location accuracy of long distance VLF lightning location network

An experimental VLF WorldWide Lightning Location (WWLL) network is being developed to provide realtime locations of cloud to ground lightning discharges occurring throughout the globe. This network has expanded from a limited number of stations in the Western Pacific to its current state of 11 stations, in most longitude sectors, with additional stations planned in the near future. As part of t...

Effects of Solar Eclipse on Long Path VLF Transmission

The variations of phase and amplitude of a subionospheric transmitted signal at frequency 19.8 kHz from North West Cape, Australia (latitude: 21.82◦S; longitude: 114.16◦E) measured at Kolkata (latitude: 22.56◦N, longitude: 88.5◦E) during the period of solar eclipse (partial, 91.1%) on July 22, 2009 will be presented in this paper. The variations in amplitude are quite significant than the usual...