Using an Improved SWAT Model to Simulate Karst Sinkholes: A Case Study in Southwest China

Hydrological simulation of the karst area is significant for assessing water resources accurately and exploring relationship in hydrologic cycle. However, existence sinkholes causes spatial heterogeneity aquifers changes distribution surface as well groundwater, which makes traditional hydrogeological model difficult to quantitatively characterize hydrological processes sinkhole. Hence, improving a necessary direction at present. The soil assessment tool (SWAT) one most widely used semi-distributed models right now world. In this study, we focused on upper course South Panjiang River pond module SWAT simulate sinkholes, modifying source code realize rapid response recharge sinkholes. After improvement, runoff, especially peak value Xiqiao Station outlet, has been reduced, while baseflow modified subbasins increased yield under state balance. addition, evaluation factor R 2 was strengthened from 0.76 0.83 NSE 0.66 0.79 during validation period. improved analyze components. Also, it found there are relations between runoff modulus–slope baseflow–surface runoff–land use types. analysis demonstrated that could effectively change components replenishment