Visualization of pharmacodynamics by pharmacodynamics analytical system "HARMONY" using Visual Basic.

Rational Tuning of Visual Cycle Modulator Pharmacodynamics.

Modulators of the visual cycle have been developed for treatment of various retinal disorders. These agents were designed to inhibit retinoid isomerase [retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein (RPE65)], the rate-limiting enzyme of the visual cycle, based on the idea that attenuation of visual pigment regeneration could reduce formation of toxic retinal conjugates. Of these agents, ce...

Pharmacokinetics/ Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial drugs.

Knowledge of the antimicrobial pharmacodynamic characteristics of a drug (inhibition of growth, rate and extent of bactericidal action, and postantibiotic effect) provides a more rational basis for determination of optimal dosing regimens in terms of the dose and the dosing interval. This article reviews concepts of antimicrobial pharmacodynamics, the effect of pharmacodynamics on the emergence...

Clinical Pharmacodynamics of Cannabinoids

Our knowledge of the pharmacodynamics of cannabinoids, that is, “the study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action” (The Merck Manual), has considerably increased within the past decade due to the detection of an endogenous cannabinoid system with specific receptors and their endogenous ligands. THC (D9-tetrahydrocannabinol), the main source of the pha...

Intracellular pharmacodynamics of antibiotics.

This article establishes the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters that are important when considering the intracellular activity of antibiotics. Generally speaking, the main classes of antibiotics seem to share globally the same properties against extracellular and intracellular organisms. The specific cellular pharmacokinetic properties may modulate those parameters so as to let other on...