What do secreted phospholipases A2 have to offer in combat against different viruses up to SARS-CoV-2?

Secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2s) form a widespread group of structurally-related enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis sn-2 ester bond glycerophospholipids to produce free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. In humans, nine catalytically active two inactive sPLA2 proteins have been identified. These play diverse biological roles, including host defence against bacteria, parasites viruses. Several these endogenous sPLA2s may defensive role in viral infections, as they display vitro antiviral activity by both direct indirect mechanisms. However, also exert an offensive negative role, dampening response or promoting inflammation animal models infection. Similarly, several exogenous sPLA2s, most them from snake venoms other venoms, possess activities. Thus, be exploited for development new substances therapeutic targets antagonistic drugs promote more robust response. this review, versus proviral various viruses coronaviruses is presented. Based on highlighted developments area research, possible directions future investigation are envisaged. One possibility exploiting markers severity Covid-19 pandemic caused SARS-CoV-2