When to Avoid Dialysis during Protein Purification?

when to start dialysis in elderly patients

When not to avoid inbreeding.

Avoidance of incestuous matings is widely reported across many animal taxa, and the adaptive value of such behavior is explained through inbreeding depression. However, an old and somewhat neglected theoretical result predicts that inbred matings offer another, positive effect on the inclusive fitness of parents: an individual who mates with a relative will help that relative to spread genes id...

Pitfalls to avoid when merging information systems.

When healthcare organizations merge, their goal often is to improve operational efficiencies, with information systems (IS) a common target for cost reduction. These cost reductions usually are achieved by reducing staff, consolidating data centers, establishing standardized systems, and sharing resources throughout the system. During this process, however, several common pitfalls can cause mer...

Dialysis: when to start or when to stop?

Sir, There have been several recent discussions around the timing of initiation of dialysis [1,2]. There remains little scientific consensus on when to start and on which clinical and biochemical parameters we base this decision. In the broadest sense, dialysis should serve to decrease morbidity and/or mortality whilst maintaining or improving quality of life. It is almost assumed that renal re...

When Can Martingales Avoid Ruin?

We provide conditions that guarantee for a discrete time martingale Mn, either limn→∞Mn exists, or both lim supn→∞Mn = ∞ and lim infn→∞Mn = −∞, a.s. on sample paths. A sufficient condition on the martingale is a uniform control on the ratio of the L2 and L1 norms of the increments. Near-symmetry of the increments provides an alternative condition. We also discuss a counterexample when these con...