Implementation of 12-bit delta-sigma DACwith MSC12xx controller

Introduction Digital-to-analog converters (DACs) are usually used as an interface between digital systems and continuous analog circuitry. To choose the type of DAC best suited for an application, the designer must consider many important performance measures. • Resolution: Generally, a DAC is specified by the number of bits in the input, or the input width, which represents the number of voltage levels (2N for an N-bit DAC) that can be generated by the DAC. • Full-scale (FS): If a DAC is implemented to represent the voltages from 0 V to the power-supply voltage, VCC, then the lowest DAC input code should represent 0 V and the highest should represent VCC, or the full-scale voltage. Each analog voltage step of an N-bit DAC is given by