Global versus Local: The Financing of Foreign Direct Investment

In this paper we analyze the conditions under which a foreign direct investment (FDI) involves a net capital flow across countries. Frequently, foreign direct investment is financed in the host country without an international capital transfer. We develop a model in which the optimal choice of financing an international investment trades off the relative costs and benefits associated with the allocation and effectiveness of control rights resulting from the financing decision. We find that the financing choice is driven by managerial incentive problems and that FDI involves an international capital flow when these problems are not too large. Our results are consistent with data from a survey on German and Austrian investments in Eastern Europe. ∗ University of Munich, Department of Economics, Ludwigstr. 28 Vgb, D80539 Munich, Germany, and Centre for Economic Policy Research. Phone: +49 89 218