Recognition Memory for High and Low Associative Stimuli in Autistic Individuals with Outstanding Memory Skill
نویسندگان
چکیده
Background: Individuals with autism exhibit typical recognition memory performance, but they show a reduced use of context and relational processing in more complex memory tasks. It is unclear whether the same is true for autistic individuals with exceptional memory skill for whom superior rote memory skill has been assumed. Objective: In this study, we investigated recognition memory for high and low associative stimuli in autistic memory experts. In accord with the rote memory notion, we expected an equal recognition performance for high and low associative stimuli and superior memorizing of nonsense material compared to control participants. Methods: Seven autistic memory experts and seven typically developed control subjects, matched according to age, sex, handedness, and full-scale intelligence quotient (IQ), were examined on a continuous old-new recognition paradigm, including high or low associative pseudowords and shapes. Memory expertise was characterized as a currently present outstanding memory skill above the subject’s general level of ability and above the general population and was validated through direct clinical observation or some form of credible evidence. Results: Our hypotheses were partially corroborated with autistic memory experts recognizing high and low associative shapes equally well in contrast to control participants who showed superior recognition of high associative shapes. However, memory experts did not outperform control participants in the recognition of low associative shapes. There were no differences for the recognition of pseudowords. Conclusions: Findings do not indicate enhanced memory for nonsense material, but a failure to make use of semantic features of abstract stimuli as assumed for autism as a whole.
منابع مشابه
سوگیری حافظه صریح و ضمنی در افراد مبتلا به سوءمصرف مواد افیونی، ترک کرده و افراد بهنجار
Objective: The aim of current research was to assess implicit and explicit memory bias to drug related stimuli in opiate Dependent, abstinent and normal Individuals. Method: Three groups including opiate Dependent, abstinent and normal Individuals (n=25) were selected by available sampling method. After matching on the base of age, education level and type of substance use all participants asse...
متن کاملSurvey of Brain Waves and Time-Based Prospective Memory Performance in University Students of Kurdistan in 2015-2016: A Descriptive Study
Background and Objectives: Prospective memory refers to the ability of remembering some special tasks in the future. Prospective memory performance is very crucial for daily life. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine brain waves and prospective memory performance among Kurdistan university students in 2015-2016. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, the statistical popul...
متن کاملAssociative memory impairment in acute stress disorder: characteristics and time course.
Stress and episodic memory impairment have previously been associated. Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a maladaptive stress response, which develops in some individuals following traumatic life events. Recently, the authors demonstrated a specific deficit in associative memory for emotionally neutral stimuli in ASD and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This study further tested the relations...
متن کاملUsing Signal Detection Theory to Investigate the Impact of Mood Induction on Emotional Information Processing in High BAS/BIS Individuals
Objective: The main objective of this study was to investigate the explicit memory bias in the people with high BAS/BIS sensitivity in the different manipulated mood states. Methods: By using purposive sampling method, seventy-four participants (undergraduate students) were selected based on z-scores of 480 using the Carver and White’s BAS/BIS scale. They were distributed as: 24 wi...
متن کاملThe role of working memory in learning disorder: By focusing on reading disorder and reviewing the related projects
Reading is the most critical and complicated learning activity for children in the first years of school and is the basis of all various learning. Reading disorder is the most common kind of learning disorder. The working memory outstanding deficiency is proven in who are affected by the reading disorder in different projects. Working memory is the most important cognitive process which is the ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2013