Hemodynamics in Normal Cattle
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چکیده
• Large animals have been used on numerous occasions by investigators pioneering in the field of cardiovascular research. The first recorded measurement of arterial blood pressure was made in the horse by Stephen Hales in .1733. Cardiac catheterization was first performed in a horse by Chauveau and Marey in 1861. One of the earliest applications of the Fick principle to the measurement of cardiac output was by Zuntz and Hagemann, also in the horse, in 1898. In recent years, cardiovascular studies in large animals have been extended to include the giraffe and cattle,with further observations in the horse. Ilemodynamic measurements in cattle are of particular interest since it has been shown that members of this species living at high altitude may develop severe pulmonary hyperteusion' and even heart failure.' In order to examine more fully the circulatory response in cattle exposed to high altitude, it was necessary to carry out extensive studies in normal cattle. Many unusual problems COJ) front the investigator attempting hemodynamic measurements in large animals. Experimental techniques have not been standardized, and normal hemodynamic values are not clearly established. While tranquilizing drugs have been employed bjr some investigators studying cattle, the hemodynamic effects of these drugs have not previously been evaluated. For these reasons, the details oi' the methods which we have found satisfactory in more than 100 cardiac catheterizations of
منابع مشابه
Hemodynamics in normal cattle.
• Large animals have been used on numerous occasions by investigators pioneering in the field of cardiovascular research. The first recorded measurement of arterial blood pressure was made in the horse by Stephen Hales in .1733. Cardiac catheterization was first performed in a horse by Chauveau and Marey in 1861. One of the earliest applications of the Fick principle to the measurement of cardi...
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تاریخ انتشار 2005