Bootstrapping for multilevel models

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A single bootstrap sample is obtained by sampling randomly (i.e. according to the assumed mechanism which generated the observations), with replacement, n observations from the original sample. Denote this by X x xn * * * { ,...., } = 1 . Then we can obtain B of these bootstrap samples, X X X B *1 *2 * , ,...., .For each of these we calculate our estimate, say of the mean, and each of these is referred to as a bootstrap replicate. It is such replicates which are used for inference.

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تاریخ انتشار 1998