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سند علمی

Central pattern generators and the control of rhythmic movements

Eve Marder, Dirk Bucher

چکیده

Central pattern generators are neuronal circuits that when activated can produce rhythmic motor patterns such as walking, breathing, flying, and swimming in the absence of sensory or descending inputs that carry specific timing information. General principles of the organization of these circuits and their control by higher brain centers have come from the study of smaller circuits found in invertebrates. Recent work on vertebrates highlights the importance of neuro-modulatory control pathways in enabling spinal cord and brain stem circuits to generate meaningful motor patterns. Because rhythmic motor patterns are easily quantified and studied, central pattern generators will provide important testing grounds for understanding the effects of numerous genetic mutations on behavior. Moreover, further understanding of the modulation of spinal cord circuitry used in rhythmic behaviors should facilitate the development of new treatments to enhance recovery after spinal cord damage.

اسناد مشابه

  • Evolution of central pattern generators and rhythmic behaviours.

    سند علمی۲۰۱۶Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciencesPaul S Katz

    Comparisons of rhythmic movements and the central pattern generators (CPGs) that control them uncover principles about the evolution of behaviour and neural circuits. Over the course of evolutionary history, gradual evolution of behaviours and their neural circuitry within any li

  • The Central Pattern Generator for Rhythmic Whisking

    سند علمی۲۰۱۵David Kleinfeld, Martin Deschênes, Jeffrey D. Moore

    Whisking and sniffing are predominant aspects of exploratory behavior in rodents. We review evidence that these motor rhythms are coordinated by the respiratory patterning circuitry in the ventral medulla. A region in the intermediate reticular zone, dorsomedial to the preBötzing

  • Central Pattern Generator Control of a Tensegrity Based Swimmer

    سند علمی۲۰۱۱Thomas K. Bliss

    There has been an increased interest in the development of biologically inspired vehicles and robotics, as they have the potential of outperforming the current state of the art in metrics of efficiency, economy, maneuverability, and stealth. In marine applications, unmanned under

  • A Silicon Central Pattern Generator Controls Locomotion in Vivo

    سند علمی۲۰۰۸IEEE transactions on biomedical circuits and systemsR. Jacob Vogelstein, Francesco Tenore, Lisa Guevremont, Ralph Etienne-Cummings

    We present a neuromorphic silicon chip that emulates the activity of the biological spinal central pattern generator (CPG) and creates locomotor patterns to support walking. The chip implements ten integrate-and-fire silicon neurons and 190 programmable digital-to-analog converte

  • Distributed Central Pattern Generator Control for a Serpentine Robot

    سند علمی۲۰۰۳Jörg Conradt, Paulina Varshavskaya

    We have built a biologically and neurally inspired autonomous mobile robotic worm. The main aim of the project is to demonstrate elegant motion on a robot with a large number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) under the control of a simple distributed neural system as found in many ani

  • Evolution of central pattern generators and rhythmic behaviours

    مقاله‌ی دسترسی آزاد۲۰۱۶Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological SciencesPaul S.Katz