Immunization of infants with triple antigen.
نویسنده
چکیده
The number of inoculations received by infants has reached formidable proportions. To minimize the number of injections required to produce full and effective immunization is one of the aims of all who are responsible for the prevention of disease in children. In recent years the efficacy of immunization procedures against diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough has become apparent. The desirability of protection against diphtheria and whooping cough is accepted, but there are many who now believe that tetanus should be included, particularly in view of the fact that the deaths from tetanus in persons under 20 years of age in England and Wales number about 30 a year. Our aim in this investigation was to demonstrate that infants of 3 months of age can be effectively immunized against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis by the administration of a combined prophylactic. The literature contains favourable reports, particularly from the U.S.A., on the successful immunization of infants with a combined vaccine (di Sant'Agnese, 1947; Peterson and Christie, 1951). Earlier reports give evidence of successful protection conferred on young infants against pertussis and diphtheria, particularly when an adsorbed antigen It should be stated at the outset that in this trial no investigations were carried out on the antibody content of the infants' blood before immunization. We used a combined antigen adsorbed on aluminium phosphate, in view of the reports (Sako et al., 1945; Sauer, 1946) that aluminium hydroxide adsorbed antigens give a better immunity response in infants than do plain suspensions of bacterial and fluid toxoids. The results of our subsequent investigations, in which we used unadsorbed prophylactics, will be reported. The triple antigen used in the present trial contained 25 Lf. diphtheria toxoid, 2-5 Lf. tetanus toxoid and 20,000 million H. Pertussis organisms with the addition of 5 mg. of aluminium phosphate to the millilitre. The only criteria for inclusion in the scheme were that the infant was healthy at the time of inoculation and that there was no family history of epilepsy or convulsions in childhood. To date 200 infants have been immunized. The first injection (0 5 ml.) was given at the age of 3 months, the second (0-75 ml.) a month later and the third (1 0 ml.) four to five months after the second. The reason for delaying the third injection was to use this as a 'booster' before the child became exposed to the extra risks of infection …
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Archives of disease in childhood
دوره 29 145 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1954