Retrospectively analysis of risk factors for systemic inflammatory response syndrome following retrograde intrarenal stone surgery

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors that affect the development of postoperative systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) following retrograde intrarenal stone surgery (RIRS). Patients and methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of RIRS in the treatment of renal stones between August 2010 and January 2014. The patients were divided into two groups as patients developing SIRS and not developing SIRS. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to determine factors affecting the development of SIRS. Results: The study included 320 patients (185 males and 135 females), among whom 12.5% (40/320) developed SIRS. In the univariate analysis, there was significant difference between the two groups in mean stone size (P=0.001), access (P=0.001), operative time (P=0.02), Urine culture (P=0.001), renal pelvis urine culture (P=0.001), stone culture (P=0.001), and rate of irrigation (P=0.001). While age, gender, history of stone surgery, hydronephrosis, stone composition were not related to the development of SIRS. Multivariate analysis further confirmed that access (P=0.021), stone size (P=0.03), operative duration (P=0.026), renal pelvis urine culture (P<0.001) and stone culture (P<0.001) were the risk factors of RIRS-associated SIRS. Conclusions: Access, stone size, operative duration, RPUC and SC are significant predictors of SIRS following RIRS.