Integrating GIFT and AutoTutor with Sharable Knowledge Objects (SKOs)

AutoTutor and the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) are two separate projects that have independently recognized the need for greater interoperability and modularity between intelligent tutoring systems. To this end, both projects are moving toward service-oriented delivery of tutoring. A project is currently underway to integrate AutoTutor and GIFT. This paper describes the Sharable Knowledge Object (SKO) framework, a serviceoriented, publish and subscribe architecture for natural language tutoring. First, the rationale for breaking an established tutoring system into separate services is discussed. Secondly, a short history of AutoTutor’s software design is reviewed. Next, the design principles of the new SKO framework for tutoring are described. Finally, the plans and progress for integration with the GIFT architec-