Association of Abdominal Obesity with Lumbar Disc Degeneration – A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

PURPOSE To evaluate whether midsagittal (abdominal) obesity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), waist circumference (WC) and body fat percentage are associated with lumbar disc degeneration in early adulthood. METHODS We obtained the lumbar MRI (1.5-T scanner) of 325 females and 233 males at a mean age of 21 years. Lumbar disc degeneration was evaluated using Pfirrmann classification. We analysed the associations of MRI measures of obesity (abdominal diameter (AD), sagittal diameter (SAD), ventral subcutaneous thickness (VST), and dorsal subcutaneous thickness (DST)), WC and body fat percentage with disc degeneration sum scores using ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 155 (48%) females and 147 (63%) males had disc degeneration. AD and SAD were associated with a disc degeneration sum score of ≥3 compared to disc degeneration sum score of 0-2 (OR 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20-2.33 and OR 1.40; 95% CI 1.12-1.75, respectively) among males, but we found no association among females. WC was also associated with disc degeneration among males (OR 1.03 per one cm; 95% CI 1.00-1.05), but not among females. CONCLUSION Measures of abdominal obesity in MRI and waist circumference were associated with disc degeneration among 21-year-old males.