Resistance to Rhabdoviridae Infection and Subversion of Antiviral Responses
نویسندگان
چکیده
Interferon (IFN) treatment induces the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). However, only a selection of their products have been demonstrated to be responsible for the inhibition of rhabdovirus replication in cultured cells; and only a few have been shown to play a role in mediating the antiviral response in vivo using gene knockout mouse models. IFNs inhibit rhabdovirus replication at different stages via the induction of a variety of ISGs. This review will discuss how individual ISG products confer resistance to rhabdoviruses by blocking viral entry, degrading single stranded viral RNA, inhibiting viral translation or preventing release of virions from the cell. Furthermore, this review will highlight how these viruses counteract the host IFN system.
منابع مشابه
Viral subversion of autophagy impairs oncogene-induced senescence
Many viruses have evolved elegant strategies to co-opt cellular autophagic responses to facilitate viral propagation and evasion of immune surveillance. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) establishes a life-long persistent infection in its human host, and is etiologically linked to several cancers. KSHV gene products have been shown to modulate autophagy but their contribution to pa...
متن کاملInduction of interferon-stimulated gene expression and antiviral responses require protein deacetylase activity.
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, commonly correlated with transcriptional repression, was essential for transcriptional induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG). Inhibition of HDAC function led to global impairment of ISG expression, with little effect on basal expression. HDAC function was not required for signal transducer and activator of transcription tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear tr...
متن کاملThe Antiviral Effects of Curcumin Nanomicelles on the Attachment and Entry of Hepatitis C Virus
Background and Aims: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family, which causes approximately 500,000 deaths annually. HCV infection treatment is often associated with significant adverse effects. Curcumin is an active ingredient of turmeric which has therapeutic anti-inflammatory effects in many diseases including infectious ones. Although curcumin is not soluble in water, if...
متن کاملThe Transcriptional Response of Drosophila melanogaster to Infection with the Sigma Virus (Rhabdoviridae)
BACKGROUND Bacterial and fungal infections induce a potent immune response in Drosophila melanogaster, but it is unclear whether viral infections induce an antiviral immune response. Using microarrays, we examined the changes in gene expression in Drosophila that occur in response to infection with the sigma virus, a negative-stranded RNA virus (Rhabdoviridae) that occurs in wild populations of...
متن کاملSafeguard against DNA sensing: the role of TREX1 in HIV-1 infection and autoimmune diseases
Innate immune recognition is crucial for host responses against viral infections, including infection by human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). Human cells detect such invading pathogens with a collection of pattern recognition receptors that activate the production of antiviral proteins, such as the cytokine interferon-type I, to initiate antiviral responses immediately as well as the adaptiv...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره 7 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2015