Long-term stability in modelled zooplankton influx could uphold major fish spawning grounds on the Norwegian continental shelf

نویسندگان

  • Anders Frugård Opdal
  • Frode B. Vikebø
چکیده

Early life stages of fish spawned on the Norwegian continental shelf have long been suggested to depend on eggs and nauplii from the crustacean zooplankton Calanus finmarchicus for survival. Calanus finmarchicus overwinters in the deep basins of the Norwegian Sea, and gravid females must be advected onto the shelf prior to spawning if eggs and nauplii larvae are to serve as food for fish larvae. In this study, cross-shelf advection of C. finmarchicus is simulated over 52 years (1960–2011) using a numerical ocean model coupled with an individual-based model. The results suggest that cross-shelf transport of C. finmarchicus is surprisingly stable across years and that transport is particularly concentrated immediately upstream of the two major spawning areas for theNortheast Arctic cod (Gadusmorhua) and theNorwegian spring-spawning herring (Clupea harengus), namely Lofoten and Møre, respectively. Two large topographical features, the Træna Trough and the Norwegian Trench, appear to be funnelling C. finmarchicus onto the shelf in these two areas. This could suggest that the fish spawning grounds outside Møre and Lofoten are, in part, maintained owing to stable interannual food supply in spring. Résumé : Il a longtemps été suggéré que les premiers stades du cycle de vie de poissons nés sur la plateforme continentale norvégienne dépendent des œufs et nauplius du crustacé zooplanctonique Calanus finmarchicus pour leur survie. Les Calanus finmarchicus passent l'hiver dans les bassins profonds de la mer de Norvège, et les femelles gravides doivent être amenées par advection sur la plateforme avant le frai pour que les œufs et les nauplius puissent servir de nourriture aux larves de poisson. Dans cette étude, nous avons simulé l'advection de C. finmarchicus sur la plateforme sur une période de 52 ans (1960–2011), à l'aide d'un modèle océanique numérique jumelé à un modèle basé sur les individus. Les résultats portent à croire que le transport de C. finmarchicus sur la plateforme est étonnement stable d'une année à l'autre et qu'il est concentré plus particulièrement juste en amont des deux grandes aires de frai pour la morue (Gadus morhua) du nord-est de l'Arctique et le hareng (Clupea harengus) norvégien frayant au printemps, soit les régions de Lofoten et Møre, respectivement. Deux grands éléments topographiques, la dépression de Træna et la fosse norvégienne, semblent convoyer préférentiellement les C. finmarchicus vers la plateforme dans ces deux régions. Cela pourrait indiquer que les aires de frai des poissons à l'extérieur de Møre et Lofoten sont en partie maintenues grâce à la stabilité interannuelle de l'apport de nourriture au printemps. [Traduit par la Rédaction]

برای دانلود رایگان متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Instantaneous 3D Continental-Shelf Scale Imaging of Oceanic Fish by Multi-Spectral Resonance Sensing Reveals Group Behavior during Spawning Migration

The migration of extensive social groups towards specific spawning grounds in vast and diverse ocean environments is an integral part of the regular spawning process of many oceanic fish species. Oceanic fish in such migrations typically seek locations with environmental parameters that maximize the probability of successful spawning and egg/larval survival. The 3D spatio-temporal dynamics of t...

متن کامل

Fisheries change spawning ground distribution of northeast Arctic cod.

Prior to the 1920s, the northeast Arctic (NA) cod were caught at spawning grounds ranging from the southernmost to the northernmost parts of the Norwegian coast, but have for the last 50 yr mainly been caught around the Lofoten archipelago and northwards. The NA cod have their feeding and nursery grounds in the Barents Sea, and migrate south towards the Norwegian coast in the winter to spawn. T...

متن کامل

The Northeast Greenland Shelf as a Potential Habitat for the Northeast Arctic Cod

Observations (1978–1991) of distributions of pelagic juvenile Northeast Arctic cod (Gadus morhua L.) show that up to 1/3 of the year class are dispersed off the continental shelf and into the deep Norwegian Sea while on the way from the spring-spawning areas along the Norwegian coast to the autumn-settlement areas in the Barents Sea. The fate of this variable fraction of pelagic juveniles off-s...

متن کامل

Parental migration, climate and thermal exposure of larvae: spawning in southern regions gives Northeast Arctic cod a warm start

Temporal variability in environmental conditions met by early life stages is considered a key driver of fluctuations in recruitment and abundance of fish stocks. Variability in spawning grounds selected by the parental population can change the environmental conditions encountered by the offspring, with consequences for recruitment. We compared how changes in spawning ground distribution and in...

متن کامل

Biological response to circulation driven by mean summertime winds off central Chile: A numerical model study

[1] A coupled physical-biological model of the waters off central Chile is used to investigate the nitrogen-phytoplankton-zooplankton response to ocean circulation driven by mean summertime winds. The circulation drives the upwelling of middepth water onto the continental shelf and reaches a quasistable rate between days 40 and 60 of the simulation. High-nutrient, low-phytoplankton biomass wate...

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره   شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2016