A general-purpose IsiZulu speech synthesizer

A general-purpose isiZulu text-to-speech (TTS) system was developed, based on the ‘Multisyn’ unitselection approach supported by the Festival TTS toolkit. The development involved a number of challenges related to the interface between speech technology and linguistics – for example, choosing an appropriate set of phonetic units, producing reliable pronunciations, and developing appropriate cost functions for selecting and joining diphone units. We show how solutions were found for each of these challenges, and describe a number of other innovations (such as automated fault detection in manual alignments) that were introduced. Initial evaluations suggest that the synthesizer is usable by a wide spectrum of isiZulu speakers.