Electrophoretic Studies on Human Red Blood Cells

1. The electrophoretic mobility of unhemolyzed human red cells has been determined as a function of ionic strength at approximately constant pH in isotonic mixtures of glucose solution and saline-phosphate buffer solution. 2. Above an ionic strength of about 0.02 the cells behave as particles with a smooth surface of large radius of curvature. Below an ionic strength of about 0.02, changes of the surface occur, probably involving a decrease of charge density and perhaps connected with injury of the surface. 3. The mobility as a function of pH at an ionic strength of 0.172 has been determined for human red cells, for the lipid extract of the cells, and for the stroma protein of the cells. The isoelectric points of cells, lipid, and protein have been found to be about 1.7, 2.6, and 4.7 respectively. 4. The pH-mobility data lead to the conclusion that a red cell surface is composed largely of lipid and dominated by strong acid groups, possibly the phosphoric acid groups of cephalin molecules.