Development of Potentiometric Urea Biosensor For Clinical Purposes

This review summarizes the studies carried on the development of potentiometric urea biosensor in laboratory using urease from Cajanus cajan (local Arhar). The enzyme used was free without any immobilisation over matrix. The electrode used egg membrane or cellophane paper making ionic diffusion possible across the two solutions. Underlying the importance of this study is the fact that urea is toxic above certain concentrations in different biological samples and its continuous real time monitoring in clinical environments is of utmost importance. The conventional analytical techniques used, although precise is timeconsuming and laboratory bound whereas biosensors have the advantages of ease of use, portability and the ability to furnish real time signals. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights reserved.