Esotropia and Exotropia Preferred Practice Pattern®.

The Preferred Postoperative Alignment in Infantile Esotropia.

Dr. Wagner has no financial or proprietary interest in the materials presented herein. doi:10.3928/01913913-20180212-01 What is the preferred deviation in the immediate postoperative period following surgery for infantile esotropia? This is a difficult question to answer, although many have tried. It is clear that the initial deviation may not be stable and may continue to change during the yea...

OPTOMETRIC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE Care of the Patient with Strabismus: Esotropia and Exotropia

Time and Factors Affecting the Direction of Re-drift in Essential Infantile Esotropia.

PURPOSE To investigate the development pattern and related factors of postoperative re-drift in infantile esotropia. METHODS A total of 112 patients with infantile esotropia who underwent surgery before 3 years of age were included. Surgical outcomes were divided into (1) consecutive exotropia: more than 8 prism diopters (PD) of exodeviation; (2) recurrent esotropia: more than 8 PD of esodevi...

Dissociated horizontal deviation after surgery for infantile esotropia: clinical characteristics and proposed pathophysiologic mechanisms.

OBJECTIVE To examine the results of reversed fixation testing in patients who develop consecutive exotropia after surgery for infantile esotropia. METHODS The reversed fixation test was performed prospectively in 28 patients who developed consecutive exotropia after surgery for infantile esotropia. All patients were assessed for adduction weakness, latent nystagmus, dissociated vertical diver...

Dissociated horizontal deviation: clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, evolutionary underpinnings, diagnosis, treatment, and potential role in the development of infantile esotropia (an American Ophthalmological Society thesis).

PURPOSE To elucidate the pathophysiology of dissociated horizontal deviation. METHODS The reversed fixation test was performed prospectively in 28 patients who developed consecutive exotropia following horizontal extraocular muscle surgery for infantile esotropia. All patients were assessed for the presence of adduction weakness, latent nystagmus, dissociated vertical divergence, and neurolog...