Interference Cancellation Using Adaptive Beam Forming for 3 D Beam Steering

We have proposed design of ESPAR (Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator) antenna that is capable of electronic beam steering in order to avoid interference, null is placed in direction of interference source whereas maxima is placed in direction of desired signal source. Paper includes formulation of mathematical model, simulation and later designing of ESPAR antenna capable of dynamic tracking of active targets in 3D. Variable reactance set was loaded in array of elements surrounding center element. Reactance value for placement of maxima in specified direction in 3D axis is formulated using Quasi Newton Method. The radiation patterns can be controlled electronically by an external DC voltage with the use of a varactor diode loaded in each of the passive elements. The Electronically Steerable Passive Array Radiator (ESPAR) is an antenna that suits application in ad hoc computer networks. Wireless ad hoc networks are a solution comparable to wired systems in terms of quality and are relatively low cost. Gain of 8 dB is achieved in given direction of theta (θ) and phi (φ) firstly measured using simulations in HFSS, later simulated results were validated and antenna hardware was tested in anechoic chamber. Along with efficient beam forming designed antenna is a step forward towards green technology, operating at reduced powers without disrupting EIRP of antenna systems, thereby maintaining constant EIRP.