Optimization of Elliptical SRF Cavities for β < 1

Elliptical superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities are widely used for accelerating electrons and positrons that travel close to the speed of light (β = v/c ≈ 1). For the acceleration of heavier particles, such as protons and ions, β can be considerably less than one. In these cases there are many different cavity designs used, with the choice depending upon the respective goals and constraints of the accelerator [1]. However, if β is not too low it is still effective to utilize an elliptical SRF cavity, which is desirable due to the simplicity of its shape, and, as a result, lower cost of production.