Influence of Stereoscopic Camera System Alignment Error on the Accuracy of 3D Reconstruction

The article deals with the influence of inaccurate rotation of cameras in camera system alignment on 3D reconstruction accuracy. The accuracy of the all three spatial coordinates is analyzed for two alignments (setups) of 3D cameras. In the first setup, a 3D system with parallel optical axes of the cameras is analyzed. In this stereoscopic setup, the deterministic relations are derived by the trigonometry and basic stereoscopic formulas. The second alignment is a generalized setup with cameras in arbitrary positions. The analysis of the situation in the general setup is closely related with the influence of errors of the points' correspondences. Therefore the relation between errors of points' correspondences and reconstruction of the spatial position of the point was investigated. This issue is very complex. The worst case analysis was executed with the use of Monte Carlo method. The aim is to estimate a critical situation and the possible extent of these errors. Analysis of the generalized system and derived relations for normal system represent a significant improvement of the spatial coordinates accuracy analysis. A practical experiment was executed which confirmed the proposed relations.