Effects of wording and stimulus format on the use of contingency information in causal judgment.
نویسنده
چکیده
There are four kinds of contingency information: occurrences and nonoccurrences of an effect in the presence and in the absence of a cause. Previous studies have shown that these four kinds are not given equal weight in causal judgment. The present research was designed to test two hypotheses about this unequal weighting: that weightings are influenced by the form of the question and other features of the stimulus materials and that unequal weightings occur, in part, because individual differences in the use of contingency information are not evenly distributed across the four kinds of information. Support was found for both hypotheses. However, the effects of question wording were not always as had been predicted, indicating that more needs to be learned about how people interpret the task, instructions, and materials they are given.
منابع مشابه
Causal judgment from contingency information: relation between subjective reports and individual tendencies in judgment.
In two experiments, participants made causal judgments from contingency information for problems with different objective contingencies. After the judgment task, the participants reported how their judgments had changed following each type of contingency information. Some reported idiosyncratic tendencies--in other words, tendencies contrary to those expected under associative-learning and norm...
متن کاملRedalyc. The dissociation between the recall of stimulus frequencies and the judgment of contingency allows the placement of the competition effect in the final causal processing stages. Psicológica
The dissociation between the recall of stimulus frequencies and the judgment of contingency allows the placement of the competition effect in the final causal processing stages
متن کاملCognitive Style and Auditor's judgment: Does Cognitive Style mitigate the Impact of recency bias on the auditors’ belief revision process?
Abstract: The purpose of the present study is two-dimensional. First, provide more evidence of the effects of information order on auditors' beliefs, and secondly, examine whether auditors vary their beliefs in different cognitive styles. These goals were achieved through the use of experienced professional auditors. To determine the effects of information sequence, Hogarth and Einhorn’s belie...
متن کاملThe influence of temporal distributions on causal induction from tabular data.
Two experiments investigated the joint influence of statistical and temporal information on causal inference from tabular data. Participants were presented with unambiguous data sets containing information about relative effect frequencies in cause-present and cause-absent situations. In addition to contingency information, the stimuli also revealed information about the temporal distribution o...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Memory & cognition
دوره 31 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2003