Haptic interaction in VR-based paracentesis simulation for dexterity enhancement and assessment

In this paper we describe the development of an interactive virtual reality (VR) system that aims to realistically simulate specific paracentesis clinical procedures (particularly the procedure involved in the catheterization of the subclavian vein). A simplified elasto-static finite element model is used for the physically based simulation of the deformable tissues, particularly skin deflection during needle insertion. The VR-based simulation is being coupled with a haptic feedback device to provide to the user realistic feeling of the interaction forces applied during the simulated paracentesis procedure. The system described is developed in the frames of a research project aiming to develop a larger-scale virtual environment simulator of emergency room scenarios and protocols for clinical skill training and assessment.