Regional disparity in hygienic behaviors of Iranian children and adolescents: The CASPIAN-IV study

Authors

  • Amir Kasaeian Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Gelayol Ardalan Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfa-han University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
  • Gita Shafiee Chronic Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sci-ences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Mostafa Qorbani Dietary Supplements and Probiotics Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran, & Chronic Disease Re-search Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Omid Safari Department of Pediatrics, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.
  • Ramin Heshmat Chronic Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sci-ences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Roya Kelishadi Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfa-han University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
  • Shirin Djalalinia Development of Research and Technology Center, Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract:

Background: This study aimed to assess the pattern of hygienic behaviors of Iranian children and adolescents at national and sub-national levels according to the socioeconomic status (SES) of their living region. &nbsp; Methods: Data were obtained from the fourth national school-based surveillance survey entitled, &ldquo;CASPIAN-IV study&rdquo; (2011-2012). It was conducted among 14,880 students, aged 6-18 years, who were selected by multistage random cluster sampling from 30 provinces in Iran. We used the World Health Organization Global School-based Student Health Survey (WHO- GSHS) questionnaire. Data were analyzed at national and sub-national levels according to the SES of the living region. &nbsp; Results: Overall, 13,486 students (49.2% girls) with the mean (SD) age of 12.50 (3.36) years participated in this study (participation rate: 90.6%). At the national level, 67.21% of the participants had daily tooth brushing, the frequencies for always washing hands after using the toilet, washing hands before eating, and washing hands with soap in school were 85.61%, 56.53%, and 50.32%, respectively. The frequency of daily tooth brushing had no significant difference according to the SES of the living region. In all of the categories of washing hands, the West region (second high SES rank) had the highest frequency of hygienic behaviors (p<0.001). &nbsp; Conclusion: In general, the reported hygienic behaviors were at an acceptable level; however, a large comprehensive health-promoting plan should be considered for all children and adolescents at the national and sub-national levels taking into account the disparities according to their SES.

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Journal title

volume 30  issue 1

pages  949- 958

publication date 2016-01

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